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Post Info TOPIC: பண்டைய காசுகளில் சிவ வழிபாடு


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பண்டைய காசுகளில் சிவ வழிபாடு
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 பஞ்சாப் அருகே பொமு 2ம் நூற்றாண்டு கால காசில் கோவில் மற்றும் திரிசூலம் உள்ளது.

 

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பழைய உஜ்ஜயினி காசில் சிவபெருமான் கையில் கமண்டலம், பொமு 2ம் நூற்றாண்டு Ujjain city state c. 2nd century BC AE coin (15 mm, 2.17 g)
Obverse: Male deity Mahakal (Siva) standing right, holding Kamamdal; tree-in-railing to left Reverse: 4-orbed Ujjain symbol Ref: Pieper 281
https://www.vcoins.com/en/stores/ganga_numismatics/216/product/india_ujjain_copper_coin_with_shiva_standing_right_rare/1257900/Default.aspx
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A Bronze Seal of first Century CE was unearthed in 1914-15 by Marshall on the Sirkap site of Ancient Taxila in Punjab of Pakistan which contained the figure of Shiva with two arms with a bilingual legend in Brahmi and Karoshti scripts as "SHIVARAK****ASA". This seal shows a Club being held in right hand in a knotted pattern as seen for Heracles. Maues ( 60-50 BCE ) is the earliest of Pre Kushana rulers who had adapted this in his Square Copper coins where Shiva holding the Trident and Club are shown. It is said that in a variant Coin by Maues we can also see a Dwarf trampled under the feet of Shiva. Unfortunately I could not source images of these coins as they are very rare but documented, in British Museum, not on public display. In the same pattern Shiva with a Trishula is being shown in the coins of Gondophares ( 30-15 BCE ) with a Palm tree being held in an extended right hand. Posture seen in Sirkap Seal is different from that seen in Gondophares and Vima Khadphises coins; the left leg is placed similarly in all, whereas the right leg with bent knee is stretched forward in the Seal. The Indo Greek coins showing Heracles with a club are of the same pattern of the Club element. The Indian loin cloth and Turban on the head are starkly in contrast with the Shiva figure shown in a Hellenistic Style. Bronze seal No.12 unearthed at Sirkap, Taxila, was described by Marshall in ASI Archaeological Review 1914-15 ( Page 15, Pl. XXIV, 50 ) as Heracles trampling a bull shaped Dragon. The Kharoshti legend was read by him as Tidusa Vibhumitrasa while Konow read it as Badusa Vispamitrasa translated as "Of the Young Brahman Visvamitra". This probably depicts Shiva as Vishwamitra, the name of the person in this Seal being after the name of the God depicted. The Bull below the left leg of the main figure is significant. These names are frequently also seen as various forms of Shiva ( on some silver coins of Audumbara Chief Dharaghosha ) and one of his aspects is well known to us as Vatuka Bhairava. Maues Square coins in British Museum are documented in detail by Gardner, who explains it as a Male figure with Chlamys flying behind, holds a club and Trident. A similar one is also seen in Punjab Museum in a Maues coin with the Male deity striding to left with flowing draperies, holding a club in right hand and long spear or Sceptre in left. The Script Shivarak****asa means "One Protected by Shiva" and the Coin with this script shows almost exactly the same form of Shiva from other coins, with his Trident held on left hand resting on his left shoulder and a knotted Club in right hand. From these we can infer that in Coinage the first to depict Shiva were indeed the foreign rulers of Ancient India and also evidently earlier to Gondophares. Similarly Cunningahm's "Coins of Indo-Scythians and Kushans" ( Page 30, Pl.II,Fig13) it is explained that a male figure facing front is seen with an elephant goad over the left shoulder. The Ankusa being Shiva's attribute is also seen in Kanishka and Huvishka coins and so it should be Shiva only. Maues coins show only a Trishula in Shiva's hand and sometimes a dwarfish figure being trampled is frequently interpreted as Poseidon. This is also seen in the coins of Antimachus Theos. Obviously in an Indian perspective we cannot help being reminded of the Apasmara Purusha under Shiva's feet.


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இமய மலை அருகே தட்சசீலம் பகுதியின் இந்தோ பார்த்திய  அரசன் கோண்டபோரஸ் வெளியிட்ட நாணயம்
https://www.vcoins.com/it/stores/coinindia/36/product/indoparthian_gondophares_billon_tetradrachm_mounted_king_with_nikesiva_scarce__choice/1467307/Default.aspx
கோண்டபோரஸ் பொமு 50 வாக்கில் ஆன காசு நின்ற கோலத்தில் சிவபெருமான், வலது கையில் திரிசூலம், இடக்கையில் பனை, கீழே சிறிய‌ நந்தியின் பாதம். மேலும் படிக்க‌

இந்த கோண்டபோரஸ் பெயர் தோமோ நடபடிகளில் கூறப்பட்டு உள்ளதால், இவரை பொஆ முதல் நூற்றாண்டு தள்ளுவது தவறு, என மிகத் தீவிரமான ஆய்வுக் கட்டுரை.   https://www.jstor.org/stable/29756455#metadata_info_tab_contents

அமெரிக்காவின் ட்யூக்ஸ் பல்கலைக் கழக பேராசிரியர்  மாற்க் குட்ஏக்கர் ,  தோமோ பற்றி நூல் எழுதியவர், நாம் அவருடைய பதிவை பகர்ந்த போது வந்து உரையாடல் செய்த விபரங்கள்
 


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 Worship of Shiva Linga by Gandharvas, 2 nd-1 st century BCEKatra_architrave,_Mathura_100_BCE.jpg



-- Edited by admin on Sunday 14th of August 2022 03:49:52 AM

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1920px-Worship_of_Shiva_Linga_by_Gandhar



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